I’m having trouble parsing what you mean—the upgrades are:
Medium | Heavy | Champion Infantry
150F 150G 20 sec | 300F 300G 30 sec | 500F 400G 40 sec
+10% HP&ATK | +15% HP, +20% ATK | +20% HP, +30% ATK
(and +1 LOS for all three but lets ignore that).
That means you get:
+10% ATK, +10% HP : 150F 150G 20 sec | Classical
+30% ATK, +25% HP : 300F 300G 30 sec | Heroic
+60% ATK, +45% HP : 500F 400G 40 sec | Mythic
Thoughts: Only applies to one line of units, with usually Infantry | Ranged | Cav. 3x the cost makes them more expensive if you get all of them, but more individually impactful. Reduced vulnerability is generally more valuable than increased HP depending on existing armor (more effective given higher base armor).
The lines also cost different resources (F vs W for melee/ranged), different resource spreads (cav being food heavy), & can apply different HP increases (archers get +10% flat each line tier), but we’ll treat the infantry line as representative.
For a 40/10% hack/pierce armor unit, the extra HP (without armory techs) is worth:
+83/22% eHP
+108/39% eHP
+142/61% eHP
The armory line upgrades provide 10% values at all levels, and cost (weapons, armor, shields):
Copper: 100F 100G | 75F 75G | 75W 75G : all 30 sec | Classical
Bronze: 300F 300G | 300F 200G | 300W 200G : all 40 sec | Heroic
Iron: 600F 600G | 500F 500G | 500W 500G : all 50 sec | Mythic
That means all human units get:
+10% ATK, 0.90x Hv/Pv (for 40/10% base= +85/23% eff.HP)
+20% ATK, 0.81x Hv/Pv (for 40/10% base= +106/37% eHP)
+30% ATK, 0.73x Hv/Pv (for 40/10% base= +129/52% eHP)
The survivability increase from choosing Line > Armory is the same as choosing Armory > Line in total value per age, but it’s applied at once (at the cost of being only applied to a single type) & is cheaper than all three armory techs at the same time—they’re also stacking buffs, so ultimately you want both, and part of the balance is there. If you just want survivability, the two armor techs are equivalent to the line upgrades, stack well with them, and cost the same price but take a longer time.
If you want to maximize a certain kind of resistance in a certain age, for a specific unit type, you’d prioritize pairing their best/worst armor with their line upgrade, w/ line having priority. And always prio armor techs over weapon techs. The armory offers less damage individually, but it going to all units accounts for the disparity (+10%x3/20%x3/30%x3 army improvement from just weapon techs).
In summary: I think the armory / line upgrade pricing is fair.