He doesn’t mention whether he’s ranking from a post-imp perspective in terms of army value or from a regular RM point of view of being able to produce and use them commonly. And a lot of the placements seemed inconsistent.
You can see a lot of unusual rankings that doesn’t correlate with usage, like urumi swordsmen are probably C tier, kipchaks B tier when it comes to how useful they are in common ranked ladder games.
Even for Byzantines, you don’t have to make something so expensive to counter cheap infantry units. They have cheaper and easier options like fu arbalesters, hand canoneers. Its very situational and definitely not as useful as Mangudai, pre-nerf Gurjara uu or Coustillier.
When you’re making Cataphracts, opponent isn’t going to make pure trash units. And if its that stage of the game where gold has run out, halberdiers will eventually kill Cataphracts as they can be easily replaced.
If you make 50 Arbalesters and sit inside your walls with them and never push, sure. But Elite cataphracts and logistica are very expensive and need a lot of time. Its not possible to mass like 50+ elite cataphracts with all upgrades comfortably when opponent is playing Arbalesters. If you did that, it means you already had a huge lead and your opponent was just dragging the game. Otherwise the Arbalester player will be faster to imp and would treb down your castles.
Dozens of infantry unique units can wipe out trash units. The reason why trash units are dominant in late game is because people run out of gold. The trickle from the last mine or relics is used for siege production and people make trash as main army. Cataphracts are not low gold units to be able to keep producing for that long.
A lot of people who play the game for their fascination of history love this civ a lot and hype it up but you’re right, its a neat average Jack of all, King of none civ.
I agree with most of your points about Byzantines being a very good and versatile civ, harder for lower elos to use but easier for experienced but they’re definitely not a 3rd type pick by any means on land maps. In some tournaments like the more recently concluded ones, half of the maps in the map pool were hybrid. And Byzantines work well in those maps when the stronger civs like Japanese or Portugese are banned. Otherwise on land they’re more like top-15 or top-20 but definitely not a top-10 civ.